Root canal therapy is necessary when tooth decay or infection affects the nerve. To save the tooth, the pulp, nerves, bacteria, and any decay are removed, and the space is filled with special dental materials, restoring the tooth's function. Although some patients think removing a problematic tooth is better, extraction is more expensive and can cause issues for neighboring teeth. Root canal treatment is typically very successful and can last a lifetime, although sometimes a tooth may need retreatment due to new infections.
Decay has reached the tooth pulp (the living tissue inside the tooth), causing infection and requiring immediate treatment.
Infection or abscess have developed inside the tooth or at the root tip, causing pain and potential spread of bacteria.
Injury or trauma to the tooth can damage the pulp and nerve, requiring root canal therapy to save the tooth.
Root canal therapy involves one or more appointments with a dentist or endodontist. First, the tooth is numbed, and a rubber dam is placed around it to keep it dry. An access opening is made on top of the tooth, and root canal files are used to remove the pulp, nerve tissue, and bacteria. Any present decay is also removed with special instruments. After thorough cleaning, the tooth is sealed with a permanent or temporary filling.
In the next appointment, usually a week later, the roots and inner cavity are filled and sealed with special dental materials, and a filling is placed to cover the opening.
A crown is recommended to protect the treated tooth, prevent it from breaking, and restore full function for long-lasting results.
Post-treatment, sensitivity may occur but will diminish as the tooth heals. Care instructions will be provided, and maintaining good oral hygiene and regular dental visits are essential for the longevity of the root canal treatment.
